??? ?? ???

??? ?? ???
??????	???? ???????????
???? ?????	?? (????????? ????); ??++; Objective-C; ????; ?????? ????;
??????? ???? ??????	?????? Macintosh
????? ????	????
???? ????	?????? ???? ???? (?? ???? ???? ????)
??????? ????	???? 24? 2001? 24 ??? ???
???????? ???	??? ????????
?????? ????	39 languages
	?????? ?? ????? [as of macOS Catalina]: ???? ? ??????? ? ???????? ? ???? (???? ????) ? ???? (????) ? ???? (??????) ? ??? ? ???? ? ?? ? ??????? (????????) ? ??????? (???????) ? ??????? (????????? ?????) ? ????? ? ???????? (??????) ? ???????? (?????) ? ???? ? ?????? ? ?????? ? ???? ? ??????? ? ???????? ? ?????? ? ?????? ? ????? ? ?????? ? ???????? ? ???? ? ??????? (??????) ? ??????? (??????) ? ??????? ? ???? ? ?????? ? ??????? (?????? ??????)? ??????? (?????)? ????? ? ????? ? ???? ? ???????? ? ???????
????? ?? ?????	???? ?? ??????? (10.14+); Mac App Store (10.8–10.13); ???? ???? ????? (10.0–10.7);
???? ????	x86-64 (10.4.7–present); IA-32 (10.4.4–10.6.8? ?????); PowerPC (10.0–10.5.8? ?????);
???? ???	Hybrid (XNU)
?? ??? ???? ???????	????? (??????? ???? ???????)
??????	???????? ????????? ?????? ???? ????
?????	Classic Mac OS? NeXTSTEP
???? ??? ????	www.apple.com/macos
????? ?????
	?????? ?????

百度无论这种挑战来自东方还是西方，自上而下或自下而上，科技行业都将迎来变革。

??? ?? ??? (???????: MacOS) ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ??? 2001? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ??????????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ???^[4]^[5]

??? ?? ??? ??????? ????????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ????? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ??? 1984? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ?? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??? 9 1999? ??? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ???? 10?10 ???? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???? 2001? ??? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ?? ???? ????? ???? 10.1 ???? ???? ?? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?? ????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ?? ??? ?? ???? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?? ??? ???? 10?8 ????? ?? ??? ???? 9?10 ?????? ?? ??? ????????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ????? ???? ?? ????^[6] 2012? ??? ???? ?? ?? ??? ?? ??? ????? ?? ?? “?? ??? ????‘‘ ?? ??? ??? 2016? ??? “??? ?? ???‘‘ ?? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?? ?? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?? ??? ?? ???? ???? ???? ?????? 2019? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ????

1999? ??? 2009? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ??? ???? ???? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ????? ???? ???? ?? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ??? ???? ???? 0?1 1999? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?? ?? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?? ??? 5?8 ?? ??? ????^[7]

????? ???

↑ "What Is the I/O Kit?"? IOKit Fundamentals? Apple considered several programming languages for the I/O Kit and chose a restricted subset of C++?
↑ "What's New in Swift"? Apple Developer (Video)? ??? 14, 2016? At 2:40? ???? 4, 2016 ?? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ??? 16, 2016
↑ "macOS – How to Upgrade – Apple"? ???? ???????????? ????? 27, 2016 ?? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ????? 28, 2016
↑ "Desktop Operating System Market Share"? Net Applications? ????? 3, 2014 ?? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ??? {{????? ?????}}: ????????? ?????? ????? ???? |????? ?????= (??????)
↑ "Top 8 Operating Systems from Sept 2011 to Aug 2015"? 26 ???? 2012 ?? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ??? {{????? ???}}: ???? ?? ??????? ??: |??????? ?????= (??????)
↑ Ha, Anthony (??? 10, 2013)? "Apple Has A New, California-Based Naming Scheme For OS X, Starting With OS X Mavericks"? TechCrunch? ?????? 9, 2017 ?? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ??? 10, 2013
↑ "macOS Server"? Mac App Store? ??? ??? ?????? 2025-08-14

[1] "What Is the I/O Kit?"? IOKit Fundamentals? Apple considered several programming languages for the I/O Kit and chose a restricted subset of C++?

[2] "What's New in Swift"? Apple Developer (Video)? ??? 14, 2016? At 2:40? ???? 4, 2016 ?? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ??? 16, 2016

[macoslanguages-3] "macOS – How to Upgrade – Apple"? ???? ???????????? ????? 27, 2016 ?? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ????? 28, 2016

[Net_Applications-4] "Desktop Operating System Market Share"? Net Applications? ????? 3, 2014 ?? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ??? {{????? ?????}}: ????????? ?????? ????? ???? |????? ?????= (??????)

[5] "Top 8 Operating Systems from Sept 2011 to Aug 2015"? 26 ???? 2012 ?? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ??? {{????? ???}}: ???? ?? ??????? ??: |??????? ?????= (??????)

[techMavericks-6] Ha, Anthony (??? 10, 2013)? "Apple Has A New, California-Based Naming Scheme For OS X, Starting With OS X Mavericks"? TechCrunch? ?????? 9, 2017 ?? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ??? 10, 2013

[7] "macOS Server"? Mac App Store? ??? ??? ?????? 2025-08-14

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

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